Climate Change

A principal research activity of Inez Fung is the carbon dioxide cycle. Fung’s lab uses details of the atmospheric CO2 distribution (e.g. the difference in hemispheric loading, the changes in the seasonal amplitude over time), together with atmospheric transport models to deduce the location of the carbon sink. Fung hypothesizes that the terrestrial biosphere of the northern hemisphere may be as important as the oceans as a repository for anthropogenic CO2. Another research focus is the dust cycle. Fine dust particles lofted from arid surfaces are transported long distances. While airborne, they reflect sunlight, but may, depending on their sizes and composition, absorb terrestrial radiation. When deposited to the surface oceans, the iron in the dust may be the critical limiting micronutrient for marine productivity in some ocean regions. To tackle this problem, she is combining mineralogic information about soil particles, satellite and in-situ observations, atmospheric circulation models and ocean biology models to gain an appreciation of the many roles of dust.

Dan Kammen founded and directs the unique Renewable and Appropriate Energy Laboratory, cited by many as the only ‘one stop’ site for energy science and engineering projects that are merged with energy finance and economics, sociology, market, and environmental impact studies. Recent RAEL contributions include: (i) significantly supporting and strengthening the burgeoning solar photovoltaic industries in East Africa, that have become the free-market model for a large number of nations; (ii) bringing the potential of continent-wide sustainable biofuel industries with major energy and health impacts to the attention of world leaders; (iii) highlighting the job benefits of clean energy investments, a story that became central to the adoption of clean energy standards in a number of states as well as a focal point of several national election campaigns; and (iv) focusing national attention on the federal under-investment in energy research, development, and deployment. He is co-author of Should We Risk It? Exploring Environmental, Health and Technological Problem Solving (Princeton University Press, 1999) and over 100 technical and refereed publications.